Tag Archives: infertility

Impact of Thyroid Disorder on Fertility

hypothyroidism and infertility

Our thyroid gland produces hormones that control our metabolism which is responsible for vital functions. Thyroid disorders are a clutch of conditions when this very important gland malfunctions, resulting in either too much (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) production of thyroid hormones.

Can thyroid disorders interfere with fertility?

Hypothyroidism is sometimes associated with infertility among women, since low levels of these hormones could impair fertility by impeding the release of an egg from the ovary.

Hypothyroidism is often precipitated by an autoimmune disorder or pituitary disorder, which in itself might cause a roadblock to fertility. There’s also a risk of early miscarriage because of lack of implantation. Having said that, hyperthyroidism can also impact fertility. While thyroid disorders and fertility issues are more often than not linked to women, sometimes the male partner is also affected since these conditions could damage sperm quality and hinder motility, besides reducing semen volume.

What are some common symptoms of hypothyroidism?

  • Heavy or frequent periods
  • Feeling tired and sore all the time
  • Dryness of skin and hair, thinning hair
  • Tendency to forget things
  • Hypersensitive to cold
  • Tendency to put on weight
  • Constipation

How can hypothyroidism impact fertility?

  • It can disrupt the menstrual cycle, rendering conception difficult
  • It can impede ovulation or release of an egg from the ovary
  • It raises the risk of miscarriage
  • It can result in pre-term birth

Can hyperthyroidism impact fertility too?

Yes, hyperthyroidism, which is often caused by an autoimmune disorder called Graves’ disease, can also impact fertility, in pretty much the same ways as hypothyroidism, like disturbing the periods, raising the risk of miscarriage and premature birth, etc.

How important is it to have thyroid disorders treated?

It is extremely critical to have your thyroid disorder medically evaluated and treated before you plan to have kids. It can reduce the risks related to pregnancy. For women, correcting infertility is hugely dependent on addressing hypothyroidism.

The treatment protocols for a dysfunctional thyroid would vary from patient to patient, depending on the severity of the condition and symptoms. More often than not, these disorders are treated with medication and regular monitoring. Close surveillance and follow-up will be the key. Very rarely does a thyroid disorder require surgery.

Women trying for pregnancy with hypothyroidism should work in tandem with a fertility expert for proper monitoring and cutting risks. Sometimes when hypothyroidism is corrected and yet the fertility problem remains, some other intervention could be required, which your fertility expert can then suggest.

So please remember that the thyroid gland could be tiny in size, but mammoth in its significance. So ignore symptoms of thyroid dysfunction at your own peril. Very often, the early warning signs of a dysfunctional thyroid are not heeded, which can result in fertility issues later.

So if you are experiencing irregular periods or any of the symptoms mentioned above, please see your doctor without procrastinating. The more you delay diagnosis, the more the chances of complication with your pregnancy, while an early detection of a thyroid condition will enable your doctor to prescribe medication in time, boosting your chances of hassle-free conception.

A few critical points to remember:

  • Let your doctor know if you are planning to conceive
  • Thyroid disorders are highly treatable and pregnancy shouldn’t be a problem once the condition is corrected
  • If you have received treatment for Graves’ disease, there’s a slim chance that your baby might suffer from a temporary phase of hyperthyroidism. This can, however, be treated
  • Do not alter your medication dosage without consulting your doctor if you are being treated for hyperthyroidism
  • You can have a passing disorder called postpartum thyroiditis, which often dissipates without any treatment
  • If there’s a family history of thyroid disorders, do consult your doctor before planning a pregnancy

In situations where a couple fails to conceive even after normalizing the thyroid levels post lifestyle modifications and medications, assisted reproduction provides an effective solution. In-vitro fertilization (IVF), Intra uterine insemination (IUI) and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are recommended procedures that can help in inducing pregnancy and reducing chances of miscarriage.

Diabetes: How does it affect fertility?

Diabetes and infertility

Scientific research has established that uncontrolled diabetes can affect fertility and reproductive health in both men and women. It is linked to hormonal disruptions, poor sperm quality and DNA damage, often resulting in irregular or absent menstrual cycles in women, while men could find it difficult to achieve and maintain erections.

What effect does diabetes have on fertility?

Diabetes can have different repercussions among women and men in terms of affecting fertility.

In women:

Infections: Women with diabetes are more prone to infections and damage to their reproductive organs, most commonly, the fallopian tubes.

Complications with pregnancy: Uncontrolled blood sugar levels can lead tomiscarriage or congenital defects in the foetus or even to ‘big baby syndrome’ or macrosomia.

Subdued libido: Most women with diabetes would suffer from fatigue, increased anxiety and depression, which could lead todecreased sexual desire. They can also feel pain and discomfort during sex because of decreased vaginal lubrication.

PCOS: Type 2 diabetes and obesity are also linked to PCOS or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, a metabolic disorder characterized by an excess of male hormones.

Anti-sperm antibodies: Diabetes can produce antibodies which may attack the sperms and even her eggs.

In men:

Sexual dysfunction: Men with diabetes often find it difficult to maintain an erection leading to infertility.

Decreased libido: Diabetic men also suffer from fatigue, weakness and loss of sexual drive, since certain areas of the brain don’t receive enough glucose, which is the only source of energy.

Damage to sperm DNA: Men with diabetes can experience impaired reproductive potency because of increased nuclear, mitochondrial and DNA damage.

Poor sperm quality: Type 2 diabetes is linked to poor sperm concentration in semen and also sub-par motility. Structural damage to the sperm and its DNA are also commonplace.

How is diabetes-related infertility treated?

A more holistic approach involving the couple’s respective family and medical histories is the ideal strategy. The aim is to achieve better control over the glycemic level and reproductive hormones and functions.

Some of the treatment options available are:

Medications: Treatment approach often startswith medications to stimulate ovulation in women, besides treating infections. Medications (sometimes coupled with hormonal supplements) are also used to treat issues like erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation in men.

Surgical management: Surgical management often becomes a necessity to treat some cases of PCOS, uterine fibroids, trauma injuries, etc.

Advanced reproductive technologies (ART): For men, ART experts use procedures forsperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. For women, the methods generally deployed are in-vitro fertilization, intrauterine inseminationand assisted laser hatching.

However, it’s not all gloom and doom if you have diabetes and planning to start a family. It just requires early and comprehensive planning involving multiple specialties including endocrinologist, gynecologist and andrologist. The goal is to maintain your blood glucose levels at an optimum range to facilitate conception and maintain pregnancy till full-term. It’s all about cutting risks, watching your weight, eating right and meticulously following the advice of the doctors. Sometimes it will be absolutely necessary to seek help from a fertility expert as well.

Psychological impact of fertility treatment : How to cope with it

Fertility Treatment

The inability to conceive a child despite trying for long can have a devastating psychological impact, and millions of couples around the world affected by infertility have to deal with this unfathomable sense of loss and grief, leading to great emotional upheavals. It’s not easy to cope with the plethora of critical medical decisions and the uncertainty about outcomes associated with fertility treatment.

Often, it’s the worst life crisis that can confront a couple which, apart from the overwhelming sense of loss, can also trigger anger, guilt and shame. It can lead to depression, anxiety and a terrible feeling of alienation. Just remember that coming to grips with infertility, the subsequent decision to go for assisted reproduction and the psychological impact of the treatment, is not easy and sometimes you will need support from a certified mental health professional. It’s very important to know that you are not alone in this journey.

When should you seek psychological counseling?

Infertility treatmentcould be an emotional rollercoaster for most couples, and feeling overwhelmed is perfectly normal. You need to talk to the treating doctor and counselor in case you are feeling like any of these:

  • Losing interest in normal activities
  • A sense of depression that engulfs you
  • You feel your relationship with your partner and others is on the edge
  • Can’t take your mind off your infertility problem
  • Feel anxious all the time
  • Detect a fall in your efficiency levels
  • Have trouble concentrating
  • Experience difficulty in sleeping
  • Find a change in appetite or weight
  • Have suicidal thoughts
  • Shun company
  • Experience a constant sense of guilt, bitterness or anger

How can counseling help you cope better?

  • The primary goal of the counselor is to help couples cope better with the physical and emotional factors linked to infertility, and the medical treatments.
  • Choosing the right medical treatment or exploring other family-building options can be a tough decision where your infertility specialist and the counselor can play a big role.
  • A counselor can teach you deal with stress, anxiety or depression by using problem-solving techniques which can help you cope better with grief, fear, and other negative emotions.
  • We all have in-built coping skills which sometimes take a backseat when a sense of grief and futility overwhelms us. Therapy prior to and during the treatment can help in re-charging those skills and help in achieving a place of positivity and hope.
  • These exercises could also often turn the life crisis of infertility on its head to help the individual/couple embrace rewarding pursuits for progress, armed with more clarity of thought.
  • Sometimes, the hormones used in infertility treatment affect the mood of the patient, prior knowledge and understanding can help a person to cope better. Counselingby the treating doctor and the therapist is a vital part of infertility treatment.
  • What can I do on my own to cope better?

    The journey through IVF could be very tough, and there’s no right or wrong way to feel about it. Emotions vary from person to person. However, you can try these simple steps to keep your negative emotions in check:

    Don’t fight your feelings: Acknowledge your feelings and emotions, don’t try to suppress or deny them, no matter how intense and destabilizing they are.

    Stay in the moment: Try and perceive your emotions as a passing phenomenon, even if they are particularly painful. Tell yourself, “Tomorrow will be better”.

    Talk to people: Opening up about your feelings and secret fears to someone you can lean on can really help. It could be your partner, a family member or a close friend or colleague. It strengthens the sense of not being alone in your fertility journey.

    Focus on what you can control: There are only certain things which are in your grasp, like when you would like to start a treatment cycle, the length of break between cycles, or when to seek another opinion. Try to stay with these tangibles and remember to plan for the short term and keep your plans flexible.

    Stay informed: Get clear understanding of critical issues like treatment cost, success rates based on your specific circumstances and all the different treatment options available. This will help you make better choices and more confident about meeting challenges head-on.

    Medicines might help: For some people, antidepressant medications may be required for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Most of these can be safely used in pregnancy as well.

Your Step by Step Guide to Treating Infertility

Treating Infertility

If you are under 35 years of age and have been trying regularly to conceive for more than 12 months or your age is above 35 years and you have been trying to conceive for more than six months, you must consider consulting a fertility specialist in Kolkata for a basic infertility workup which is the first step for diagnosing and treating infertility.

A fertility workup is a preliminary step in determining the reasons why a partner or the couple is experiencing difficulties in conceiving. While the fear of the unknown can be a daunting experience and you may be experiencing tremendous anxiety when you are facing trouble conceiving, identifying fertility problems will empower you and the fertility team to identify solutions. The following is a step-by-step guide to what to expect when you schedule the first workup with fertility specialist Dr Aindri Sanyal.

Initial Consultation for Treating Infertility

During the initial consultation, any fertility specialist in Kolkata is likely to ask detailed questions about your medical history that will relate to all medical and lifestyle factors that may contribute to infertility. For instance, during the first consultation with fertility specialist Dr Aindri Sanyal, she will create a detail diagnostic plan tailored for you. In this plan, she may ask you to answer questions like:

  • Are your fallopian tubes normal?
  • Have you been ovulating regularly?
  • Is the uterus receptive to implantation?
  • Is your partner’s sperm count adequate?

Female Testing

There are many standardized tests that the female must go through during a fertility workup process:

Three-day bloodwork

The reason why this is referred to as three-day blood work is that a holistic blood draw is taken on the third day of a woman’s menstrual cycle to determine the hormone levels. The blood work will look at the E2 (oestrogen) to check if the main female reproductive hormone is secreting normally. The blood profile will also determine the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a chemical released from the brain. It stimulates the ovary to mature an egg.

The blood work will look at the Anti-MÃŧllerian hormone (AMH), one of the accurate predictors of a woman’s egg supply. It doesn’t vary from month to month and does not depend on the menstrual cycle. The luteinizing hormone (LH) is also measured. This hormone typically releases a mature follicle.

An Internal Baseline Ultrasound

The workup process also includes a uterus ultrasound to see if a woman’s uterus is normal and keep track of the antral follicle count. The latter represents eggs available in that month for a possible pregnancy.

HSG Test

Hysterosalpingogram or the HSG test is an x-ray of the fallopian tubes and uterus. The test helps to determine the condition of the uterus and see if the fallopian tubes are blocked or not. It also looks to determine if there are polyps, fibroids, or scar tissues that may be preventing pregnancy.

Male Testing

Among 40 to 50% of infertile couples struggling to conceive, the male partner has a condition that is contributing to a couple’s infertility; hence, it is imperative to analyze their sperm health and count. The tests are less intrusive than female infertility tests.

Semen Analysis

An andrologist conducts a semen analysis to examine a man’s sperm’s potential to fertilize an egg. The number of sperms and whether or not they are normal — along with how well they swim — will be analyzed during male testing.

Chlamydia test

A sample of a man’s urine maybe tested for chlamydia, as it may affect chances of fertility. A physician will prescribe antibiotics if chlamydia is detected.

To know more about male and female infertility workup, keep an eye in this space.

Thyroid Affecting Your Pregnancy? Know How to Cope with It

A hormonal imbalance due to thyroid during pregnancy can lead to several complications. Know how to manage thyroid problems and achieve a healthy pregnancy.

Read more in Bengali

āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡, āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ° āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ ā§¨ āĻ‡āĻžā§āĻšāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ˛āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻž,āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨āĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤ ā§¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°ā§€ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻŸāĻŋ 3 āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŸāĻŋ 4āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ ā§¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž, āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦā§ƒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ, āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ, āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯, āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻœāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ“ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž

āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ, āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤, āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§, āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ° āĻŦā§ƒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž, āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŦ, āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻšāĻžāĻĒ, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ• ā§Ē āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ ā§Ŧ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ“ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ

āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻœāĻŽ (Hyperthyroidism) – āĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ– āĻšāĻ˛:

  • āĻŦāĻĻāĻšāĻœāĻŽ
  • āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ°āĻ¤āĻž
  • āĻŸā§‡āĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž
  • āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻžāĻŽ
  • āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¸ āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
  • āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻž
  • āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž
  • āĻ–āĻŋāĻĻā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž

āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻĒā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧāĻĄāĻŋāĻœāĻŽ (Hypothyroidism) – āĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛:

  • āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
  • āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻĻ
  • āĻ•ā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯
  •  āĻ—āĻžāĻāĻŸā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻž
  • āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨
  • āĻļā§āĻˇā§āĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻ•, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŽāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡?

āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻœāĻŽā§‡āĻ° (Hyperthyroidism) āĻ“ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻĒā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧāĻĄāĻŋāĻœāĻŽā§‡āĻ° (Hypothyroidism) āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛:

  • āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ­ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž
  • āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻœāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¨āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡, āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻā§āĻāĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
  • āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻĒā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧāĻĄāĻŋāĻœāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ° āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ
  • āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĄā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
  • āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻšāĻž āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž
  • āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻŸāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ?

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻž āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽā§‹āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĨā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĨ¤

āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨?

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻƒ

  • āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨
  • āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ§ā§‚āĻŽāĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨
  • āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻĒ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°āĻšāĻ°ā§āĻšāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨
  • āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ§āĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€, āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ, āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ¸ āĻāĻ‡āĻš -āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ˛āĻŦā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ…āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

The Story of Ishani’s Embryo Transfer

Read on to know about Ishani’s journey to motherhood through IVF – a boon to every woman trying to achieve pregnancy.


Read more in Bengali

āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻˆāĻļāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ ā§Šā§§ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻ˛āĻ•āĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ¨ā§‡āĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§ŒāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžâ€™āĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨, āĻ“āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¸ ā§Šā§¯āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ ā§Ž āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ—āĻ¤ ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž – āĻŽāĻž āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻ“ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĨ āĻšāĻ˛āĻžāĻŸāĻž āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛, āĻ†āĻœ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻļā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡āĨ¤

ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ–ā§‹āĻāĻœ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖ āĻ“āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§‡āĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž, āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻļāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻĒā§‡āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

āĻ“āĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĨ¤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ ā§¨ā§Ē āĻļā§‡ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§‹āĻŦāĻ° ā§¨ā§Ļā§§ā§¯āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻŦā§‡āĻļā§€āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§‚ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

 āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‹: “āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤?” āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻž! āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨, “āĻˆāĻļāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻœāĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤â€ āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ†āĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻĒā§‡āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻļā§‡ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž  āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ ‘āĻ¸ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ’āĨ¤  āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ  āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤  āĻ¸ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ…āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ ā§¨ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻŸāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤  āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

ā§¨ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ āĻžā§Ž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻĻāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‹, āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ āĻžā§Ž āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ§āĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤  āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ°āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ  āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° ā§Ž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻļāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻž āĻ•ā§‡, āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ ‘āĻŽāĻž āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŸ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤  āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ°āĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒāĻ¸āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ āĻāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤  āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻŸāĻž āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻ•āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§‡āĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ–āĻŦāĻ°āĻŸāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ| āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŸ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŸāĨ¤  

āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹, āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŸ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛ āĻāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ—ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻļ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ…āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻĒ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§‡āĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹| āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨āĻ“ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ“āĻĒāĻ° āĻ­āĻ°āĻ¸āĻž āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§‡āĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻ°āĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻĒāĻ¸āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĨ¤ āĻāĻ° ā§Šā§Ž āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻĒāĻ° āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻĢā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž – āĻŽāĻž āĻšāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻžāĨ¤ 

āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ -āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻ˛ āĻĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŦ āĻ§ā§ˆāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻ­āĻ°āĻ¸āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻ†āĻ¸āĻŦā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤  

Breaking the Silence around Miscarriage

In July 2020, Meghan Markle shared her “almost unbearable grief” at having lost her child to a miscarriage. The Duchess is not the first royal to share the experience of pregnancy loss as Sophie Wessex and Prince Edward earlier opened up about their traumatizing pregnancy loss.

The Duchess hoped that by sharing her story she might be able to remove some of the stigma that exists around pregnancy loss to this day. While, 2.6 million babies are stillborn and an estimated 85 percent of miscarriages happen before the 12th week of pregnancy every year, it is a topic that many still consider taboo.

What is a Miscarriage?

A miscarriage — in medical jargon indicates spontaneous abortion — is the unexpected end of a pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation. During a miscarriage, an embryo or foetus is spontaneously expelled from the uterus but is incapable of surviving in the outside world. After 20 weeks, the loss of a foetus is called a stillbirth but not a miscarriage.

What Causes a Miscarriage?

Miscarriages are not caused by moderate exercises, falls, sex and stress at work, fights with a spouse, or morning sickness. Rather, a miscarriage is a biological way of ending a pregnancy that is not going right.

The loss of the foetus or embryo and its expulsion from the uterus can be caused by factors, ranging from genetic defects to immune reactions in a mother’s body. Research suggests that half of all early miscarriages are connected to abnormal chromosomes.

Often, the causes of a miscarriage cannot be pinpointed at all. And in almost every case, there’s nothing the mother did wrong that led to the miscarriage or could have possibly done differently to prevent it.

Symptoms of Miscarriage

The symptoms of a miscarriage can vary from woman to woman and in some cases, can be completely different if some woman. But the most common signs include:

Vaginal bleeding can start as a dark brownish discharge. There may be blood clots or other tissue passing from your vagina with heavy bleeding. However, not all bleeding during pregnancy indicates a miscarriage. Especially when there ‘spotting’ characterized by a small amount of bleeding, many pregnancies continue to be healthy.

Cramps or other pain in the lower back, the pelvic area or abdomen

A decrease in the usual signs of pregnancy, such as breast tenderness and nausea may in rare cases signify miscarriage.

In addition to the possibility of miscarriage, pain or vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can be caused by other problems, such as an ectopic pregnancy. These symptoms should prompt an immediate consultation with your doctor, midwife, or nurse practitioner.

Miscarriage During the Pandemic

While there may be no way to erase the challenges of miscarriage during a pandemic, there are some steps that can be taken to cope and make you feel empowered.

  • Find alternative ways to connect: While the value of in-person contact cannot be replaced, consider other ways of connecting with friends and loved ones like virtual happy hours or virtual games such as trivia. It may also be helpful to set a regular time for these hangouts, such as Saturday night, to ensure you get that much needed time with your own people.
  • Allow yourself to grieve: As mentioned, in the backdrop of significant losses and suffering this year, it can feel difficult to grieve the loss of pregnancies. Attempting to hold yourself back from grieving is like fighting quicksand, you will find yourself stuck even more. Giving yourself the space to grieve will allow you to move forward in the healing process.
  • Connect to resources: Online support groups and miscarriage associations on Facebook and other online channels provide help. Additionally, it can be helpful to seek support through therapy. 
  • Find your anchor: Whenever you find yourself caught in a sea of intense emotions, it can be helpful to identify your anchor to keep you grounded. Your anchor maybe your loved ones, your passion or the most helpful coping skill you use like meditation or journaling.

While there’s so much we do not know about what the future holds for us, we know that there is support, we know that we are not alone, and that we’ll get through.

Is it possible to have a child if you test positive for HIV?

Worried over having a baby after testing positive for HIV? IVF can be a safe and effective way of choosing parenthood.

Read more in Bengali

āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž| āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻĻ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ°āĻ¤āĻž āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻ“ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻž āĻĄāĻžāĻ• āĻļā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻļāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤

āĻ—ā§‹āĻŸāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŸāĻž āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻ°āĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ“āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ¸āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ­āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ“āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯, āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢā§‡āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛ā§‹| āĻāĻ‡āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ˛ā§‹| āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡|

āĻ“āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ• āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡| āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡āĻŸāĻž āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ“āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ‡āĻšā§āĻ›āĻž-āĻ†āĻ•āĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ­ā§‡āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‡āĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻž| āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛ā§‹, āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻž| āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ“āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ, āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡| āĻ“āĻ° āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ°ā§€ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ-āĻ‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡, āĻāĻ—ā§‹āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ| āĻāĻŦāĻ‚, āĻāĻ•āĻŸā§ āĻ†āĻ°ā§āĻļā§āĻšāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ­ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‹| āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ“āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻĢā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻ•āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž|

āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāĻœāĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡

āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ¸āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ| āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ˛ā§‹āĻĄ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻŸāĻž| āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ“ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻĢā§‡āĻ•āĻļāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ­ā§āĻ—āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻž| āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻĢā§‡āĻ•āĻļāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ­ā§‹āĻ—ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸ – āĻšāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋ-āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨā§‡āĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻŋ, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻā§āĻāĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽ| āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡, āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻļā§āĻ§ā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ“āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻļāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻĄ-āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯| āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŸāĻžāĻ‡āĻŽāĻĄ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ°āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻ¸ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋ| āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§‡āĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻŦāĻž āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨|

āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻāĻĄāĻ¸ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ

āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‹āĻ° āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻĄāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻĄāĻ¸ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ–āĻŸāĻž āĻ•ā§€

āĻāĻĄāĻ¸-āĻāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ‰āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻĄā§‡āĻĢāĻŋāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ¯āĻž āĻļā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ¤ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ•āĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋ-ā§Ē āĻ˛āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻĢā§‹āĻ¸āĻžāĻ‡āĻŸ āĻ•ā§‹āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸-āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŸā§‡āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻšāĻœā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ§ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ°, āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻ“ āĻĒā§‡āĻŸ āĻ–āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ›ā§‹āĻŸāĻ–āĻžāĻŸ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ– āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻĄāĻ¸-āĻāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡,

ā§§) āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ—

ā§¨) āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ— āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸ā§‚āĻš āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡

ā§Š) āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāĻœāĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ­ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡

āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž

āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤

  • āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ

āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤

  • āĻĒā§‡āĻļā§€ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ

āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‡āĻļā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻšā§‡āĻ˛āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

  • āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§‹āĻ˛āĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§‹āĻ˛āĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§‹āĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻ•āĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

  • āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž

āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ°ā§‹āĻ—ā§€āĻ° āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻšā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻļā§āĻ•āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

  • āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻļā§āĻ•āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻ– āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻž, āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

  • āĻ āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻž

āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ†āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“ āĻšāĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻšāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

  •  āĻ˜ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž

āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ˜ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ˜āĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡āĻĄāĻ¸ āĻāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤

āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ›āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻšāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĨ¤ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ āĻžāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻŦā§‡āĻļā§€ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¤ā§€ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ˛:

  • āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻ“ āĻ“āĻ¸ā§āĻ§ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
  • āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
  • āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ“āĻ¸ā§āĻ§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ ā§§/ā§Š āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ā§¨/ā§Š āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ– āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž – āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ. āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ›ā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž

Preparing for pregnancy when you have diabetes!

Diabetes and pregnancy doesn’t have to be a risky combination. You might just need to make some healthy changes or seek treatment before you get pregnant.

Read more in Bengali

āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻšā§āĻ›ā§āĻ•, āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸āĻœāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨āĻž-āĻ•āĻŋāĻĄāĻ¨āĻŋ-āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§-āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻāĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨: āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋ- āĻāĻ•āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž, āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨: āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡ āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛āĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻ¤āĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ˜āĻžāĻ¤ āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤

āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻšā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ?

  • āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻ¨āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
  • āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡āĻļāĻ¨ āĻšāĻŦā§‡
  • āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻĄāĻ¸ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻĢāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻĄ āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡āĻļāĻ¨ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡

āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻœāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤

  • āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
    āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ“ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ•ā§€ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
  • āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ–āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸
    āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻˇāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•āĻ° āĻ–āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ ā§§ā§¨ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ ā§Ģ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻĄ āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¯āĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĨ¤ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻļā§‚āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤
  • āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨
    āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻœāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
  • āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ
    āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ“ āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻ˜āĻŖā§āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻ° āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¯āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽā§‡ ā§Ŧ āĻĻāĻļāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• ā§Ģ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ā§Ž āĻĻāĻļāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• ā§Ģ-āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ¸ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
  • āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻˇāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§
    āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻšāĻžāĻĒā§‡ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ—ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻšāĻžāĻĒ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
  • āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸āĻœāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž
    āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸āĻœāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž, āĻ•āĻŋāĻĄāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻ— āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻž āĻļāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ¨ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻŦā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛āĻ•āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ§ā§‚āĻŽāĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻĻā§‚āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤

IVF v/s ICSI: The Right Choice

Making the right choice when it comes to going for infertility treatment could make all the difference. Find out what works best for you – IVF or ICSI?

Read more in Bengali

IVF vs ICSI

āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ – āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻāĻ¸āĻ†āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻŦ, āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ? āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻž, āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ°ā§‹āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻž, āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻ“āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ—ā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻœā§āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻœāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ•ā§€?

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ‡āĻ¨ āĻ­āĻŋāĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‹ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻœā§‡āĻļāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦ āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ“ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ• āĻ˜āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ‡ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻš āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻ˛āĻœāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§āĻā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻāĻ¸āĻ†āĻ‡ (āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ) āĻ•ā§€?

 āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ‡āĻŸā§‹āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻœāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ‡āĻžā§āĻœā§‡āĻ•āĻļāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻ˛āĻœāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻŦā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ›āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻžā§āĻœā§‡āĻ•āĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻ°āĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĢā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ“ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯:

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° (āĻĄā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°) āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§-āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻš āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§-āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻš āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ›āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ• āĻ˜āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻ˛āĻœāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡, āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻŸāĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻŸāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻš āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋāĻ‰āĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻœāĻ°āĻĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛, āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ¸āĻžāĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻāĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¸āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ• āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ“ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āĻ¯:

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ• āĻ˜āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ• āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§ā§āĻ° āĻ—āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‡āĻžā§āĻœā§‡āĻ•āĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻ°āĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ—āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ•āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻŸāĻž

āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻ°āĻž, āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĨ¤

āĻ†āĻ° āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ†āĻ° āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ†āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ†āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ 

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž:

  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ­ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ­
  • āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻŽ
  • āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦ āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻļā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ

āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž:

  • āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ
  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻļā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ§ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž
  • āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ
  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ¤āĻŸāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤

āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž:

  • āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€
  • āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ
  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡
  • āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ – āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž

āĻ‡āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŋ-āĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž:

  • āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ“ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻ˛āĻœāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸ āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ
  • āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāĻ° āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ­ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ­ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋ
  • āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ–āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻž
  • āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ‚āĻļ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡